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Treatment

• Cystitis and pyelonephritis — These infections, usually caused by bacteria, can be cured with antibiotics taken by mouth. Antibiotics may be given into a vein (intravenously) for severe pyelonephritis with high fever, shaking chills and vomiting.
• Urethritis — Urethritis is treated with antibiotics. The type of antibiotic used depends on which infection causes the urethritis.
• Vaginitis — Trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis are treated with antibiotics. Yeast infections are treated with antifungal drugs, either as a pill by mouth or as a suppository or cream inserted into the vagina.

Causes

• Bladder stones
• Chlamydia trachomatis
• Cystitis (bladder inflammation)
• Drugs, such as those used in cancer treatment, that have bladder irritation as a side effect
• Genital herpes
• Gonorrhea
• Having a recent urinary tract procedure performed, including use of urologic instruments for testing or treatment
• Kidney infection (pyelonephritis)
• Kidney stones
• Prostatitis (infection or inflammation of the prostate)
• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
• Soaps, perfumes and other personal care products
• Urethral stricture (narrowing of the urethra)
• Urethritis (infection of the urethra)
• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis)
• Yeast infection (vaginal)

Diagnosis

• urinalysis
• kidney ultrasound